Reshoring as a strategy to strengthen resilience in supply chains

Abstract

The study examines how reshoring can enhance the resilience of supply chains, addressing its drivers, challenges, and impacts. A literature review was conducted using the PRISMA protocol, selecting 18 articles published between 2014 and 2024 for analysis. A brief bibliometric analysis of the portfolio was also carried out, along with the classification of articles based on the type of relocation, processes involved, and motivations. The research highlights Industry 4.0 and public policies as key factors in the success of these initiatives, while also identifying potential negative effects of reshoring, such as high costs and increased logistical complexity. The study further explores other types of reshoring: nearshoring, which aims to reduce logistical distances and friendshoring, which enhances geopolitical security in operations. It concludes that reshoring is an effective strategy to strengthen supply chain resilience, provided it is aligned with public policies and the use of new technologies.

Key words: reshoring; resilience; supply chain; literature review; systematic review.