Evidence-based approaches to reducing environmental and health risks for riverside communities in Barcarena, Pará

Abstract

This study examined environmental risk reduction strategies in riverine communities of Barcarena, Pará State, Brazil, affected by heavy metal contamination. The objectives were to: (1) quantify contamination levels and their health impacts, (2) evaluate the effectiveness of mitigation interventions, and (3) develop an integrated environmental management model. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining laboratory analysis of environmental samples, epidemiological data, and semi-structured interviews with 42 participants. Results revealed elevated concentrations of lead (0.078 mg/L) and mercury (0.0024 mg/L), associated with high prevalence of neurological (68%) and dermatological disorders (43%). Low-cost technologies, such as artisanal filters, achieved 72% contamination reduction, while community-based monitoring increased early detection by 310%. The study concludes that an environmental management system based on four complementary pillars, active surveillance, participatory governance, adaptive technologies, and ecological restoration, demonstrates greater effectiveness when integrating scientific and traditional knowledge, requiring specific public policies for sustainable implementation.

Key words: environmental health; heavy metals; community-based monitoring; Amazon; sustainable development.